Guiyang
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For other uses, see Guiyang (disambiguation).
Guiyang
贵阳市
Prefecture-level city
From top:Guiyang Skyline, Jiaxiu lou, Overview of Jiaxiu Pavilion, Night view of Jiaxiu Pavilion and the surrounding buildings.
From top:Guiyang Skyline, Jiaxiu lou, Overview of Jiaxiu Pavilion, Night view of Jiaxiu Pavilion and the surrounding buildings.
Nickname(s): The Forest City, The Summer Capital of China, The Second Spring City
Location of Guiyang City (yellow) in Guizhou and the PRC
Location of Guiyang City (yellow) in Guizhou and the PRC
Guiyang is located in China
Guiyang
Guiyang
Location in China
Coordinates: 26°39′N 106°38′E / 26.650°N 106.633°E / 26.650; 106.633Coordinates: 26°39′N 106°38′E / 26.650°N 106.633°E / 26.650; 106.633
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceGuizhou
Area
 • Prefecture-level city8,034 km2 (3,102 sq mi)
 • Urban2,403.4 km2 (928.0 sq mi)
Elevation1,275 m (4,183 ft)
Population (2010 census)
 • Prefecture-level city4,324,561
 • Density540/km2 (1,400/sq mi)
 • Urban3,037,159
 • Urban density1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi)
Time zoneChina Standard (UTC+8)
Postal code550000
Area code(s)(0)851
Licence plate prefixes贵A
Websitehttp://www.gygov.gov.cn/
Guìyáng (Chinese: 贵阳) is the capital of Guizhou province of Southwest China. It is located in the centre of the province, situated on the east of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, and on the north bank of the Nanming River, a branch of the Wu River. The city has an elevation of about 1,100 meters. It has an area of 8,034 square kilometres (3,102 sq mi).[1] Its population is 4,324,561 at the 2010 census whom 3,037,159[2] live in the built up area made of 7 urban districts.


History[edit]

An early-18th-century French map of Guiyang
The city was first constructed as early as 1283 AD during the Yuan dynasty. It was originally called Shunyuan (順元), meaning obeying the Yuan (the Mongol rulers).

Geography[edit]

Guiyang
GY.svg
"Guiyang", as written in Chinese
Simplified Chinese贵阳
Traditional Chinese貴陽
Hanyu PinyinGuìyáng
Literal meaningThe South of The Gui Mountain
Guiyang has grown rapidly since the 1990s. The city's heart is around the 大十字 (literally "Big Cross") which is a cross, resembling the Chinese character for ten, and 喷水池 (literally "Fountain Pool"), a traffic intersection, in the center of which used to be a large fountain until early 2010, it was paved over for better traffic.

Climate[edit]

Guiyang has a four-season, monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa), tempered by its low latitude and high elevation. It has cool winters and moderate-temperature summers; the majority of the year's 1,118 millimetres (44.0 in) of precipitation occurs from May to July. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 5.1 °C (41.2 °F) in January to 23.9 °C (75.0 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 15.35 °C (59.6 °F). Rain is common throughout the year, with occasional flurries in winter. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 12 percent in January to 41 percent in August, the city receives only 1150 hours of sunshine, making it one of China's least sunny major cities. Average monthly relative humidity is consistently above 75% throughout the year. The moderate temperature together with other factors including air quality, wind speed, etc. made Guiyang to be ranked No.2 in the "Top 10 Summer Capitals of China".[3]
[hide]Climate data for Guiyang (1971–2000)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Average high °C (°F)8.8
(47.8)		10.8
(51.4)		16.1
(61)		21.2
(70.2)		24.1
(75.4)		26.4
(79.5)		28.3
(82.9)		28.5
(83.3)		25.1
(77.2)		20.5
(68.9)		15.9
(60.6)		11.6
(52.9)		19.8
(67.6)
Average low °C (°F)2.7
(36.9)		4.0
(39.2)		7.8
(46)		12.7
(54.9)		16.3
(61.3)		19.1
(66.4)		20.7
(69.3)		20.2
(68.4)		17.4
(63.3)		13.3
(55.9)		9.0
(48.2)		4.7
(40.5)		12.3
(54.2)
Precipitation mm (inches)20.5
(0.807)		20.1
(0.791)		32.8
(1.291)		87.6
(3.449)		164.6
(6.48)		225.2
(8.866)		177.0
(6.969)		126.8
(4.992)		100.1
(3.941)		97.5
(3.839)		47.4
(1.866)		18.1
(0.713)		1,117.7
(44.004)
Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)13.712.813.315.618.416.715.314.113.014.412.110.3169.7
 % humidity80787675767877767677777676.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours41.247.181.8103.5108.4104.2154.4167.1119.491.469.062.41,149.9
Percent possible sunshine12152227262537413226211926
Source: China Meteorological Administration

Administrative divisions[edit]

People's Square, Guiyang
ISO 3166-2[4]EnglishChinesePinyinArea in km2[5]SeatPostal codeSubdivisions[6]
SubdistrictsTownsTownshipsEthnic townshipsResidential communitiesVillages
520100Guiyang贵阳市Guìyáng Shì8034[7]Guanshanhu District550000492948184601166
520102Nanming District南明区Nánmíng Qū209Xinhua Road Subdistrict (新华路街道)550000154113929
520103Yunyan District云岩区Yúnyán Qū94Guiwu Road Subdistrict (贵乌路街道)55000018113419
520111Huaxi District花溪区Huāxī Qū958Guizhu Subdistrict (贵筑街道)550000829542170
520112Wudang District乌当区Wūdāng Qū686Xintian Subdistrict (新天街道)55000023521974
520113Baiyun District白云区Báiyún Qū260Dashandong Subdistrict (大山洞街道)55000043223156
Guanshanhu District观山湖区Guānshānhú Qū307Jinyang Subdistrict (金阳街道)5500001211633
520121Kaiyang County开阳县Kāiyáng Xiàn2026Chengguan (城关镇)550300610313108
520122Xifeng County息烽县Xīfēng Xiàn1037Yongjing (永靖镇)55110046113161
520123Xiuwen County修文县Xiūwén Xiàn1076Longchang (龙场镇)55020046112217
520181Qingzhen清镇市Qīngzhèn Shì1381Hongfenghu (红枫湖镇)551400145341299

Economy[edit]

An Aerial View of Jiaxiu Lou
Guiyang is the economic and commercial hub of Guizhou Province. The GDP per capita was ¥46,108 (US$7445) in 2013.[8] The city is also a large center for retail and wholesale commercial activities with operations of major domestic and international general retailers such as Wal-Mart, Carrefour, RT-Mart, Beijing Hualian, Parkson, and Xingli Group as well as consumer electronics and appliance sellers Gome and Suning. Wholesale operations include large regional produce, furniture, and industrial and construction machinery depots. Wal-Mart's southwest China regional vegetable and produce distribution center is located in Guiyang.
Hydro-electric power generators are located along the city's main rivers including the Wu River. By 2007, the city's hydro electric plants supplied over 70 percent of the city's electricity. Coal is mined in the locality of Guiyang and Anshun, and there are large thermal generating plants at Guiyang and Duyun, supplying electricity for a portion of the city's industry. A large iron and steel plant came into production in Guiyang in 1960, supplying the local machinery-manufacturing industry.
Guiyang has a sizable domestic pharmaceuticals industry, producing traditional Chinese as well as western medicines

Demographics[edit]

Blue—Miao. Dark green—Bouyei
Guiyang is populated by 23 different minorities, the most populous of which is the Miao people, in addition to the ethnic Han.
As of 2011, the total population of Guiyang municipality was 4.3 million, among which 2.9 million were urban residents.

Transport[edit]

  • Transportation in Guiyang consists of an extensive network of roads, railways, river and air transport as well as public transportation system with bus system and many taxis. Guiyang Urban Rail Transit has been constructed since 2011. Based on the current planning, the whole network is formed by the 8 lines. Line 1 will be operational in 2016.

Air[edit]

Railway[edit]

Expressway[edit]

  • The city is located at the junction of four major segments of the national highway grid: the Gui–Huang, Gui–Zun, Gui–Bi, and Gui–Xin Expressways.
  • The Gui-Huang Expressway (G60) links Guiyang with the cities and tourist areas of central and western Guizhou including Anshun, Guanling, and the Huangguoshu Waterfall. The expressway continues west to Yunnan Province as the Gui-Kun Expressway and terminates at Yunnan's capital city of Kunming.
  • G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway runs north 180 km (110 mi) to Zunyi and is the most heavily travelled major highway in Guiyang. In Zunyi, the expressway becomes the Zunyi-Chongqing Expressway and runs a further 210 km (130 mi) north to Chongqing.
  • G76 Xiamen–Chengdu Expressway links Guiyang with the regional cities of Bijie and Dafang in northwest Guizhou province, southeastern Sichuan province, and the Sichuan cities of Luzhou, Neijiang, and Chengdu—Sichuan's provincial capital. The Gui–Bi Expressway begins at an interchange with the Gui–Zun Expressway in the city's Xiuwen County approximately 20 km (12 mi) north of the city center, before terminating at the city of Bijie. In the city of Dafang, approximately 40 km (25 mi) east of Bijie, the Gui–Bi Expressway connects with the new Sichuan–Guizhou Expressway, a modern highway providing access to Luzhou and central Sichuan.
  • The Gui–Xin Expressway begins at the junction of the Guiyang Outer Ring Road (G75, G60.01) and the Tang Ba Guan Road, approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of the city center. The Gui–Xin Expressway (G60, G75) runs east and southeast through the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (G76), passing through Guilin, before entering Guangdong, and terminating at Guangzhou.
  • Approximately 170 km (110 mi) east of Guiyang in the regional city of Kaili, the Hunan-Guizhou Expressway (G56, G60) links with the Gui–Xin Expressway providing high-speed vehicular access to and from Guiyang to the eastern Guizhou city of Tongren before continuing through Hunan to the major cities of Huaihua, Changde, and Changsha.
  • In 2009 Guiyang added a modern orbital expressway to its highway network. The Guiyang Outer Ring Road (Guiyang Orbital Highway) opened in December 2009 and is a six- to eight-lane divided high-speed expressway that provides efficient links to and from large employment centers in the Jinyang New District, Baiyun District, Huaxi District, the Guiyang Longdongbao International Airport, the major multi-lane national highways, and the city's main roadways, allowing vehicular traffic to circumnavigate the heavy traffic of the city's inner city areas.
  • China National Highway 210

Education[edit]

The city has a university, a teacher-training college, and a medical school.

Religion[edit]

On October 15, 1696, the city was made the seat of the Roman Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Kweichow. This was suppressed in 1715 and restored in 1846. In 1924 it was renamed as the Apostolic Vicariate of Guiyang, and in 1946 it was promoted to its current status as the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guiyang.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Jump up ^ (simplified Chinese) "Profile of Guiyang". www.xzqh.org. Archived from the original on 2008-05-07. Retrieved 2008-06-11. 
  2. Jump up ^ http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-52.aspx Statistics of China 2010 Census
  3. Jump up ^ http://travel.sohu.com/20130709/n381114842.shtml
  4. Jump up ^ 国家统计局统计用区划代码
  5. Jump up ^ 《贵阳统计年鉴2011》
  6. Jump up ^ 《中国民政统计年鉴2011》
  7. Jump up ^ 国土资源局数字为8046.67平方公里
  8. Jump up ^ http://www.elivecity.cn/html/jingjifz/2325.html

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Guiyang.
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